ESV Reformation Study Bible – Jude 1:5
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Jude 1:5

5 destroyed those who did not believe. God judged Israel with forty years of wandering in the wilderness for unbelief when they refused to enter Canaan following the report of the spies (Num. 14:27–34; Heb. 3:16–19). Just as judgment fell on the apostate Israelites after their deliverance from Egypt, so also it will fall on apostate church members (Heb. 4:1, 2).