ESV Reformation Study Bible – Isa 49:23
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Isa 49:23

49:23 Kings. Nations that formerly oppressed Israel will serve Christ and His Church, the true Israel, and in doing so find salvation (Gen. 12:3).

lick the dust. On the “Black Obelisk” of Shalmaneser III, Jehu, King of Israel, is shown bowing to the ground before the Assyrian ruler.

wait. See 40:31 and note.