11:4 righteousness. See note 1:21.

poor . . . meek. That is, those who long for divine righteousness and justice (25:4) because of oppression by the rulers of this earth (3:15; 10:2; 32:7; 61:1). They are the afflicted, oppressed, and humble, whom Jesus also blessed (Matt. 5:3–10; Ps. 19:8 note).

equity. The Hebrew word also means “level” or “straight” (40:4). God’s judgment is balanced and fair.

rod . . . breath. With great power and authority (Ps. 2:9; 82:8; Rev. 6:15–17; 20:11–12) the Messiah will conquer by His word (49:2; 61:1; Heb. 4:12; Rev. 19:15).