4:10 Osnappar. Probably Ashurbanipal, the last successful king of Assyria (668–627 b.c.), who transplanted various peoples into Samaria. This practice was begun after the fall of Samaria in 722 b.c., probably by Sargon II (2 Kin. 17:24).

Beyond the River. The area west of the Euphrates, including Aram, Phoenicia, and Palestine.