ESV Reformation Study Bible – 1 Pet 5:8
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1 Pet 5:8

5:8 adversary the devil. The Greek word translated “adversary” was in common use for an opponent in a lawsuit, and “devil” (Greek diabolos) is the usual translation of the Hebrew Satan, which means “slanderer” or “accuser” and also serves as a proper name for the devil (Job 1:6; Zech. 3:1, 2; cf. Rev. 12:9, 10). The phrase reveals the ultimate source behind all persecution.

lion. The imagery is perhaps borrowed from the Book of Psalms where the psalmist’s enemies and the wicked are compared to lions (Ps. 7:2; 10:9, 10). The metaphor conveys the strength and destructiveness of the devil and accentuates the need for alertness on the part of believers.