PHARAOH’s DAUGHTER. Three women are so entitled in Scripture. 1. Foster mother of the infant Moses (Exod 2:5ff.; Acts 7:21; Heb 11:24). If the Exodus (q.v.) occurred not later than Ramses II and when Moses was already elderly (cf. Exod 7:7), this princess would belong to the second half of the eighteenth dynasty (from Amenophis III to Harmhab); no closer identification is possible. The pharaohs had harems in several parts of Egypt; this princess prob. inhabited just such a harem in the E Delta where the Hebrews also were.

2. The princess who married Solomon (1 Kings 3:1; 11:1), bringing as dowry the town of Gezer vanquished by her father (1 Kings 9:16). In Jerusalem, Solomon built a special palace for her (1 Kings 7:8; 9:24; 2 Chron 8:11). A signal honor, the marriage prob. occurred early in Solomon’s reign, within c. 970/960 b.c. (cf. Malamat, JNES, XXII [1963], 9-14, 17). The pharaoh concerned was prob. Siamun of the twenty-first dynasty (c. 978-959 b.c.; cf. Egypt), but details of his family are unknown.

3. Named Bithiah in genealogies of Judah (1 Chron 4:18), married to Mered. Date, identity, and history are unknown.