CALLISTHENES kə lĭs’ thə nez (Καλλισθένες). One of Nicanor’s army, accused of setting the gates of the Temple on fire when Antiochus Epiphanes destroyed Jerusalem in 168 b.c. When the Jews celebrated their victory over the invaders in 165 b.c., they burned Callisthenes and others, “who had fled into one little house” (2 Macc 8:33).