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20 as well as the wars against Antiochus Epiphanes[a] and his son Eupator, 21 and the heavenly apparitions[b] that were seen by those who showed their heroism in fighting bravely for the cause of Judaism. Despite being severely outnumbered, they seized the entire land and put to flight the barbarian hordes, 22 regaining possession of the temple renowned throughout the world and liberating the city and reestablishing the laws that were in danger of being abolished, as the Lord bestowed his mercy and favor on them.

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Footnotes

  1. 2 Maccabees 2:20 Wars against Antiochus Epiphanes: see 2 Mac 4:7—10:9; his son Eupator: see 2 Mac 10:10—13:26.
  2. 2 Maccabees 2:21 Apparitions: authentic divine manifestations in contrast to Antiochus’s vain title of “god manifest” (Epiphanes). Judaism: first known usage of this term, which sums up in itself all that characterized the Jews as a nation and as a religion (see 2 Mac 8:1; 14:38) and is here used in contrast with Hellenism (see 2 Mac 4:13).